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	<title>hardware &#8211; Matthew Petroff</title>
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		<title>Ubiquiti airFiber 5X Teardown</title>
		<link>https://mpetroff.net/2016/04/ubiquiti-airfiber-5x-teardown/</link>
					<comments>https://mpetroff.net/2016/04/ubiquiti-airfiber-5x-teardown/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Matthew Petroff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 30 Apr 2016 01:19:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Hacking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[radio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[teardown]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://mpetroff.net/?p=2143</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I recently came across a malfunctioning Ubiquiti airFiber 5X radio, so I decided to take it apart. The radio&#8217;s case can be opened by removing six T6 screws on the back. The PCB can then be removed by unscrewing six &#8230; <a href="https://mpetroff.net/2016/04/ubiquiti-airfiber-5x-teardown/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="dropcap">I</span> recently came across a malfunctioning Ubiquiti airFiber 5X radio, so I decided to take it apart. The radio&#8217;s case can be opened by removing six T6 screws on the back. The PCB can then be removed by unscrewing six Phillips #1 screws, two of which are under the RF shields, and by removing the parts that secure the RF connectors to the case. The front part of the case is plastic, while the back part is aluminum; there is a gasket where the two case parts join and around the RF connectors. A polyimide film insulates the PCB from the aluminum case back.</p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front.jpg" title="Front" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2147 size-large" title="Front" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front-640x427.jpg" alt="Front" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-front.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a><span id="more-2143"></span></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back.jpg" title="Back" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2145 size-large" title="Back" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back-640x427.jpg" alt="Back" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-back.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened.jpg" title="Case Opened" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2146 size-large" title="Case Opened" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened-640x640.jpg" alt="Case Opened" width="640" height="640" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened-640x640.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-case-opened.jpg 1000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed.jpg" title="PCB Removed" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2150 size-large" title="PCB Removed" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed-640x640.jpg" alt="PCB Removed" width="640" height="640" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed-640x640.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-removed.jpg 1000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front.jpg" title="PCB Front" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2149 size-large" title="PCB Front" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front-640x427.jpg" alt="PCB Front" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-front.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back.jpg" title="PCB Back" data-sbox="2143"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-2148 size-large" title="PCB Back" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back-640x427.jpg" alt="PCB Back" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/airfiber-5x-pcb-back.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p>Components on the PCB include an ARM9 processor (<a href="http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/am1808.pdf">TI AM1808B</a>) with 512Mbit of DDR2 SDRAM (<a href="https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/da00-w9751g6kbg1.pdf">Winbond W9751G6KB25I</a>) and 128Mbit of flash memory (<a href="https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/W25Q128FV.pdf">Winbond W25Q128FV</a>), an Invictus 2 ASIC with 512Mbit of DDR2 SDRAM (<a href="https://www.winbond.com/resource-files/da00-w9751g6kbg1.pdf">Winbond W9751G6KB25I</a>), a pair of RF transceivers (<a href="http://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9361.pdf">Analog Devices AD9361BBCZ</a>), a pair of 5GHz WLAN power amplifiers (<a href="http://elmechanics.com/documents/pdf/80/AWL5910P8.pdf">Anadigics AWL5910</a>), and a GPS receiver (<a href="https://www2.u-blox.com/images/distributors/amy-6m_datasheet_gps.g6-hw-10052.pdf">u-blox AMY-6M</a>). For the data Ethernet port there is an <a href="http://www.redeszone.net/app/uploads/2014/04/AR8035.pdf">Atheros AR8035</a> gigabit Ethernet transceiver and <a href="http://www.mag-tek.com.tw/downloadbox/1000single-m/G241XXMK0.pdf">M-TEK G24103SKG</a> magnetics, while for the management Ethernet port there is an <a href="http://datasheet.octopart.com/AR8032-BL1A-Qualcomm-datasheet-13033084.pdf">Atheros AR8032</a> fast Ethernet transceiver and <a href="http://www.mouser.com/pdfdocs/Pulse_1198.pdf">Pulse HX1188NL</a> magnetics.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>Light Painting Wand</title>
		<link>https://mpetroff.net/2015/02/light-painting-wand/</link>
					<comments>https://mpetroff.net/2015/02/light-painting-wand/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Matthew Petroff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 2015 03:33:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Hacking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[electronics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[light painting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photography]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mpetroff.net/?p=1733</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A digital light wand, used to paint images in long exposure photography, has been around for a few years, since the advent of cheap, controllable RGB LEDs. While there are freely available designs and code for such a device, I &#8230; <a href="https://mpetroff.net/2015/02/light-painting-wand/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="dropcap">A</span> digital light wand, used to paint images in long exposure photography, has been around for a few years, since the advent of cheap, controllable RGB LEDs. While there are <a href="http://mrossphoto.com/wordpress32/neopixel-ws2812-dlw/">freely available designs and code</a> for such a device, I wasn&#8217;t happy with them, so I decided to design and build my own. The control electronics for the design I looked at used a Arduino Mega 2560, with a display and control shield as well as other components; I found this far too bulky. Furthermore, the design used a grossly underpowered voltage regulator rated for 1A with a strip of LEDs that draws upwards of 2.5A. The LED strip, however, is one of the nicest ones available, with 144 individually controllable <a href="https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11821">WS2812B RGB LEDs</a> on a one meter strip.</p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers.jpg" title="Peppers" data-sbox="1733"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-1743 size-large" title="Peppers" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers-640x427.jpg" alt="Peppers" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/peppers.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a><span id="more-1733"></span></p>
<p>To this end, I designed a small, minimal board around the Freescale ARM chip used in the Teensy 3.1, due to the very nice <a href="https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_OctoWS2811.html">WS2812B library</a> available for it. For power, I used a <a href="http://hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/uh_viewItem.asp?idProduct=56267">20A regulator</a> to ensure enough current and a <a href="http://hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/uh_viewItem.asp?idProduct=15019">rechargeable lithium polymer battery</a> to avoid eating through disposable alkaline cells.</p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics.jpg" title="Control Electronics" data-sbox="1733"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-1746 size-large" title="Control Electronics" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics-640x427.jpg" alt="Control Electronics" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/control-electronics.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p>A Python script is used to convert an image into a binary file and add start delay and display rate information. The file is then loaded onto a micro SD card and named to fit into one of four slots, corresponding to the control board&#8217;s four buttons for displaying images.</p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes.jpg" title="Pipes" data-sbox="1733"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-1744 size-large" title="Pipes" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes-640x427.jpg" alt="Pipes" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pipes.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p>The one meter LED strip is actually two 50cm strips soldered together, due to manufacturing limitations for flexible PCBs, which leads to a noticeable gap where the two parts are joined. I was able to narrow this gap by resoldering the parts together by stacking them instead of them just abutting, but the gap is not completely gone. Additionally, I damaged one of the LEDs at the joint in the process and had to replace it. I then mounted the strip on a four foot section of 3/4&#8243; square oak molding with clear heat shrink tubing and mounted the control electronics and power supply using interlocking fasteners.</p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/light-wand.jpg" title="Light Wand" data-sbox="1733"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-1742 size-large" title="Light Wand" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/light-wand-640x960.jpg" alt="Light Wand" width="640" height="960" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/light-wand-640x960.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/light-wand-200x300.jpg 200w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/light-wand.jpg 1000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds.jpg" title="LEDs" data-sbox="1733"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-1745 size-large" title="LEDs" src="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds-640x427.jpg" alt="LEDs" width="640" height="427" srcset="https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds-640x427.jpg 640w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https://cdn0.mpetroff.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/leds.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a>Designs and code are available from a <a href="https://github.com/mpetroff/light-painting-wand">GitHub repository</a>.</p>
<p>While I felt it had some shortcomings, <a href="http://mrossphoto.com/wordpress32/neopixel-ws2812-dlw/">Michael Ross&#8217;s design</a> is much better documented and easier to build. As much as it irks me to see development boards used in final products, I&#8217;ll concede that they make things much easier for those without extensive soldering experience. However, his design&#8217;s power supply is inadequate, and one should really use something rated for more power.</p>
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