Under Linux, gPhoto2 supports synchronizing the camera’s internal clock with the computer’s clock for many cameras, including mine, a Canon EOS Rebel T2i. As long as one’s computer is configured to use NTP, this results in quite accurate timestamps on photos. In my case, under Linux Mint 17, running this synchronization manually involves plugging in the camera, unmounting the camera after it gets automounted so gPhoto2 can access it, and then running the appropriate gPhoto2 command to synchronize the camera’s clock. To automate this process, one just needs to add a udev rule to run the clock synchronization command automatically, before the camera is mounted. I wrote such a rule. Since the rule responsible for mounting the camera is in 40-libgphoto2-6.rules, the new rule that synchronizes the camera’s clock should be saved as /etc/udev/rules.d/39-sync-camera-times.rules so that it runs right before the camera is automounted. The contents of this file are as follows:

ACTION!="add", GOTO="sync_camera_time_rules_end"
SUBSYSTEM!="usb", GOTO="sync_camera_time_rules_end"
ENV{ID_USB_INTERFACES}=="", IMPORT{builtin}="usb_id"
ENV{ID_USB_INTERFACES}=="*:060101:*", RUN+="/usr/bin/gphoto2 --set-config syncdatetime=1"

LABEL="sync_camera_time_rules_end"

Now the camera’s internal clock will be synchronized with the computer’s clock any time the camera is plugged in. Note that this sets the camera’s clock to UTC, which makes the most sense anyway as the EXIF time data doesn’t include a time zone.² I’ve tested the rule with a Canon EOS Rebel T2i under Linux Mint 17, but it should also work for any other camera for which gPhoto2 supports clock synchronization and under Ubuntu 14.04 and similar Linux distros. Obviously, gPhoto2 needs to be installed.

Edit (2017-03-11): The above no longer works on Linux Mint 18 / Ubuntu 16.04. The following contents of /etc/udev/rules.d/39-sync-camera-times.rules should be used instead:

ACTION!="add", GOTO="sync_camera_time_rules_end"
SUBSYSTEM!="usb", GOTO="sync_camera_time_rules_end"
ENV{ID_USB_INTERFACES}=="", IMPORT{builtin}="usb_id"
ENV{ID_USB_INTERFACES}=="*:060101:*", ENV{TZ}="Etc/UTC", RUN+="/usr/bin/gphoto2 --set-config datetime=now"

LABEL="sync_camera_time_rules_end"

For some reason, gPhoto now insists on doing a time zone conversion, which is why the time zone has to be explicitly set to UTC.

1. Transferring the recorded tracks to a computer is easier too. ↩

2. In my opinion, this is a significant improvement over the automatic clock synchronization in Canon’s EOS Utility for Windows, which insists on syncing the camera’s clock to local time. ↩